Thermal design

Thermal sensing is a design input, not a patch.

Sensor count and placement should match pack size, current, enclosure airflow and charge safety requirements.

Thermal sensing validation bench for battery packs

Cell hotspots

Place sensors where heat can build up, not only where routing is easy.

Board heating

MOSFETs, shunts and connectors deserve temperature attention.

Derating

High ambient conditions should reduce allowable current and charging behavior.